He aha ngā mea e tika ana kia arotahihia e ngā kaupapa tatau aunoa o te whare tari i te tau 2026?

• Tāutuhia te kaiwhakahaere ki te momo tatau i te tuatahi, kātahi ka tohua ngā pūoko, te mana urunga, me ngā taputapu.
• Whakaritea te wā mahi, te ngāwari o te mahi, me te hototahitanga o ngā wāhanga e toe ana, kaua ki te uaua o ngā āhuatanga kāore e tika ana.
• Whakamahia ngā paearu urunga me te haumaru e ahu mai ana i ngā paerewa kia māmā ake ai te whakaae me te pupuri i te kaupapa.
• Kōwhiria he pūnaha e taea ai te whakahaere i ngā tauira o te haere o ngā tāngata i roto i te tari, kaua ko te whakamahinga tatau noa iho.

He aha ngā mea e tika ana kia arohia e ngā kaupapa tatau aunoa o ngā whare tari i te tau 2026? Ko te whakautu poto ko te taunga o te pūnaha, kaua ko te tere o te hua anake: me whiriwhiri he kaiwhakahaere tatau aunoa mō te whakamahinga o ngā whare tari i runga i te kawenga o te tatau, te auau whakatuwheratanga, te mana urunga, me te oranga o te ratonga, nā te mea ko te tomokanga angitu ā-pākihi he tomokanga e mau tonu ana te pono i raro i te waka o ia rā. Ko tekaiwhakahaere tatau reti aunoahe maha ngā wā koinei te tīmatanga tika mō ngā whakaurunga pukumahi ki te whare tira, i te mea hekaiwhakahaere tatau hurihuri aunoae uru ana ki ngā ara raro me ngā pūwāhi urunga ā-roto. Mō ngā mahi whakahou, ko teaunoatanga tatau karaiheHe mea nui rawa te whārangi ina me whakapai ake te tomokanga o nāianei me te kore e whakakapi i te anga katoa. I roto i ngā taiao tari, ehara i te mea whiriwhiri te mahi urunga: e hiahiatia ana e ngā Paerewa ADA 2010 he ara urunga me ngā wāhi kua tautuhia, ā, he maha ngā wā ka tohua ngā kaiwhakahaere iti-pūngao hei whakataurite i te haumaru, te watea, me te whanonga whakakore ā-ringa. Mō ngā tīma kaupapa, ko te rautaki pai rawa atu mō te tau 2026 ko te hoahoa i te tomokanga hei pūnaha whakahaere katoa, kaua hei whakatuwhera takitahi.

Kaiwhakahaere Tatau Aunoa mō ngā Kaupapa Hanga Tari: Ngā Mea e Hiahiatia Ana e ngā Kaihoko o te tau 2026

Ko ngā kaupapa tomokanga tari pai rawa atu i te tau 2026 ka tīmata i te taiao whakahaere, ehara i te whārangi rarangi. Me whakahaere e te kaiwhakatuwhera tatau aunoa arumoni ngā huringa o ia rā, te whakaurunga haumarutanga, me te kanorau o ngā kaiwhakamahi, tae atu ki ngā manuhiri, ngā kaimahi, ngā tuku, me te hunga he hiahia nekenekehanga. I roto i ngā pourewa tari, ko te tomokanga te pūnaha miihini tuatahi ka kitea e ngā kairēti, nō reira ka kitea wawe te wā kore mahi, te haruru, me te whanonga whakatuwheratanga koretake. Ko te whāinga mahi he kete tatau he ngāwari ki te tono, he ngāwari ki te rapu raruraru, ā, he hototahi ki ngā whakaritenga whakahaere urunga me te putanga ohorere.

Me whakaaro ngā tīma kaupapa ki te kaiwhakahaere tatau, ngā pūoko, te arorau whakahaere, me ngā taputapu hei huihuinga kotahi kua whakaritea. Koia te take hengā taputapu tatau aunoaHe rite te hiranga o te whārangi ki te whārangi kaiwhakahaere tonu: ko te pono o te pūnaha i te ao tūturu e whakawhirinaki ana ki ngā whāriki, ngā ara, ngā roera, ngā taputapu whakairi, ngā taputapu whakahohe, me ngā wāhanga tārua. Ka taea tonu e te motuka pai te hanga i te mahi pai o te papaanga mena he ngoikore, he uaua rānei te whakakapi i te huinga taputapu.

Mō ngā kaiwhakatakoto whakaaro, ehara te pātai matua i te "Ka taea e te tatau te tuwhera?" engari "Ka taea tonu te tuwhera haumaru me te pumau i muri i ngā marama o te whakamahinga tūturu?" Koinei te rerekētanga i waenga i te hua hoko me te pūnaha taumata kaupapa.

Paearu Kōwhiringa Whakatuwhera Tatau Aunoa Arumoni: Momo Tatau, Taumaha, me te Huringa Mahi

Ko te rahi o te kaiwhakahaere te pūtake tino noa o te korenga o te kaupapa e taea te karo. Me tirotiro te taumaha o te rau tatau, te whānui o te rau, te auau whakatuwheratanga, me ngā herenga whakairinga i mua i te whakatau taputapu whakamutunga. Tērā pea ka puta he utu me te haruru koretake i tētahi whakatuwheratanga tatau aunoa arumoni he nui rawa, engari ka taea e tētahi waeine iti te wera rawa, te nekeneke, te pakaru wawe rānei. Mō ngā pourewa tari, ko te paearu mahi ko te whakamahinga anō i te wā e piki ana te taenga mai, te tina, me te wehenga atu, kaua i te tohatoha ōrite o te waka.

Ko ngā pūnaha retireti te mea e pai ana mō ngā tomokanga matua nā te mea ka taea te whakahaere pai i ngā waka taumaha, ā, ka tiakina hoki te rere o ngā ara. He pai ake ngā pūnaha piupiu ina he iti te wāhi pakitara, ina rānei kua whakamahia kētia ngā tatau whai hononga i roto i te hoahoa. Mena he whakahoutanga karāhe te tomokanga, me uru hoki te kaiwhakahaere ki te āhua o te anga me te tikanga whakapiri karāhe e wātea ana, koia te take me tīmata te whakamahere whakahoutanga ki ngā rahi whakatuwheratanga o nāianei kaua ki te whirihoranga hua tino pai.

Me whakaū anō hoki e te tīma tāutanga te ngaohiko tuku hiko, ngā tumanakohanga hiko tārua, me ngā whakaritenga ahi ā-rohe, putanga rānei. I roto i te mahi, ko ēnei āhuatanga te mea e whakatau ana mēnā ka whakaaetia te kaupapa i te tukunga tuatahi, ka panaia rānei kia hoki anō mō ​​te hoahoa anō.

Ngā Taputapu Kūaha Aunoa me te Mana Uru: He aha te Whakaurunga te Hua Tuturu

I roto i ngā whare tari, he onge te tūnga o te tatau hei taputapu motuhake. He wāhi tēnei e hono ana i te rere o te tangata, te kaupapa here haumaru, me ngā mahi o te whare. Ko te tikanga, ko ngā taputapu tatau aunoa pēnei i ngā pūoko, ngā pana whakahohe, ngā kaiwhakahaere, ngā waeine whakawhiti, me ngā taputapu pupuri-tuwhera ka pā ki te kounga o te wheako tomokanga katoa. Ka whakaitihia e te kete pūoko kua whiriwhiria pai ngā huringa whakatuwheratanga kore e hiahiatia, engari ki te kore e pai te whakarite, ka puta he whakaoho teka, he kati tōmuri, he riri rānei ki te kaiwhakamahi.

He kaupapa matua anō hoki te whakaurunga o te mana uru mō te tau 2026. E hiahia ana ngā rangatira tari kia tautoko ā rātou tomokanga i ngā kaipānui kāri, ngā papa waehere, te iriti mamao, te whakahaere manuhiri, me ētahi wā he whakaaetanga wā-tūturu. Ko te huarahi whakaurunga pai ko te mahi-ā-ringa: me whakaae te kaiwhakahaere ki ngā whakaurunga mana paerewa me te tuku i te arorau tatau kia mahi tahi me te haumarutanga kaua e taupatupatu ki a ia. He mea nui rawa atu tēnei i ngā papa o ngā kairēti, ngā pūwāhi urunga whakahaere, me ngā tomokanga o muri o te whare me whakahaere te haere o ngā waka me te kore e whakararu i te huarahi.

Mō ngā tīma kaupapa, me whakauru ki te rārangi arowhai whakatūnga te aratau whakahohe, te whakaroa kati, te kimi arai, te whanonga tuku ā-ringa, me te arorau haumaru-kore, te haumaru-kore rānei. Mēnā ka waihotia tētahi o ēnei kia kore e mārama, ka kitea e te tīma papaanga te raruraru i muri i te tukunga, ina nui ake te utu me te whakararuraru o ngā huringa.

1. Whakaūtia te tikanga whakatuwheratanga tatau me te kaupapa here urunga i mua i te kōwhiri i ngā pūoko.
2. Manatokohia te hototahitanga o te kaiwhakahaere ki te pūnaha haumarutanga whare.
3. Whakamātauria te tukunga ohorere me te whakatuwhera ā-ringa i raro i te mana o te hiko.
4. Tuhia ngā tau wāhanga taputapu katoa hei whakakapinga ā muri ake nei.

E ai ki teAratohu ADA a te Poari Uru o Amerika, ko ngā huarahi e taea ai te uru atu me ngā whānui mārama ngā whakaritenga matua o te hoahoa, koia te take me whakarite te āhua o te tatau me te whanonga o te kaiwhakahaere, kaua e wehewehea. Ehara i te mea ko te tutuki i ngā whakaritenga anake tēnei; engari ko te whakaiti i te waku mō ngā kaiwhakamahi o ia rā.

Ngā Paerewa me ngā Whāinga Tauanga mō ngā Kaupapa Tatau Aunoa o te Tari

He mea nui ngā paerewa nā te mea ka hurihia ngā tumanakohanga whaiaro hei paepae whakamātautau. Mō te haumaru me te whakamahinga, me hangai ngā kaupapa tatau aunoa o ngā whare tari ki ngā aratohu urunga me te whakahaere tatau kua whakaaetia, kaua e whakawhirinaki ki te manakohanga waitohu anake. Ko tētahi paearu urunga e whakahuatia whānuitia ana ko te whakaritenga ADA mō te whānui mārama iti rawa o te 32 inihi, e inehia ana me te tatau e tuwhera ana i te 90 nekehanga, i raro i ngā Paerewa 2010 mō te Hoahoa Urutau. Ehara taua tau i te āhuatanga hokohoko; he herenga kaupapa e pā ana ki te rahi o te anga, te āhua o te whakatuwheratanga, me te kōwhiringa taputapu.

Ko tētahi atu tohutoro hangarau whai hua ko te arataki tatau e whakahaerehia ana e te mana iti-pūngao i roto ingā Paerewa ADA 2010, e āwhina ana i ngā tīma kaupapa ki te mārama ki te hononga o ngā tautuhinga kaiwhakahaere, ngā whakawāteatanga, me te haumaru o te kaiwhakamahi. Mō te roa o te whakaurunga, he maha ngā wā ka tirohia e ngā kaihangarau ngā ariā whakamātautau huringa ora mai i ngā rōpū paerewa me ngā komiti hangarau i te wā e whakamahere ana i ngā taputapu mahi arumoni, ahakoa kei raro i te ture ā-rohe me ngā whakaritenga a te kaitohutohu te whakatakotoranga whakamutunga.

Me pupuri hoki e ngā kaupapa tari he tomokanga karāhe, he tirohanga whakahou rānei te rau tatau, te ara, me ngā uta taputapu ki roto i ngā rohe kua whakaritea e te kaihanga. Mēnā kāore aua rohe i tuhia māramatia, ka taea e te tīma o te papa te utu mā te whakatikatika i te mara e whakaiti ana i te pono mō te wā roa. Ko te ture tino whaihua he māmā noa iho: tohua ki roto i te kōpaki kua whakamatautauria, kaua e tata ki te taha.

Mō ngā tīma e hiahia ana ki tētahi punga paerewa, ko te tukanga mahi he mahere i ngā rohe waehere, ngā waka, me ngā taputapu i mua i te hoko. Mā taua raupapa ka karohia ngā ota whakarerekētanga utu nui.

He aha i hiahia ai ngā tari e tere haere ana te tangata ki tētahi rautaki mō te whakahaere tatau reti

Ko ngā whare tari he nui te hunga e haere ana, ko ngā whare noho te taiao tino uaua rawa atu nā te mea e whakakotahi ana i te nui o te waka e haere ana, ngā tumanakohanga tirohanga, me ngā tono haumarutanga. He pai ake te rautaki a te kaiwhakahaere tatau reti nā te mea ka taea te matapae i te rere o te tangata, ā, ka taea te tautoko i ngā whakatuwheratanga whānui ake me te kore e pāngia e te piu. I roto i te mahi, me tere te ahua o te tomokanga ki ngā manuhiri, me te noho haumaru hoki mō ngā kaimahi, me te noho haumaru hoki mō ngā kaiwhakahaere whare.

Ehara i te tere anake te ine tika. Mēnā ka puare rawa te tatau, ka ahua morearea, ka puta rānei he raruraru pēhanga hau i roto i ngā wāhi e whakahaerehia ana te āhuarangi. Mēnā ka puare puhoi rawa, ka piki ake te kikī o te waka i ngā wā pīki. Ko te whāinga tūturu ko te whakahaere nekehanga taurite: te whakaterenga maeneene, te whakahekenga tere e taea te matapae, me te urupare ārai pono. Ko te tikanga ka tutuki taua taurite mā te whakatikatika tika a te kaiwhakahaere, ehara i te mea mā te whiriwhiri i te motuka tino pai.

Me whai whakaaro anō hoki ngā kaiwhakahaere kaupapa ki te mahi a te taupoki. I roto i ngā whare tari teitei, ka taea e te whakaurunga kāore i te pai te whirihora te whakanui ake i te hauhautanga me te ngaronga o te HVAC, inā koa kāore i te arotauhia ngā tatau. Nō reira, ko te whanonga huringa tatau he wāhanga o te whakahaere pūngao me te wheako kaiwhakamahi. Mō tēnā take, me arotake te aunoatanga o te tomokanga me te whakaritenga o te mata me te haumarutanga i te wā e whakawhanake ana i te hoahoa.

• Whakamahia ngā pūnaha reti reti ina ko te rere o te hunga hikoi te kaupapa matua.
• Puritia te tūnga o te pūoko kia matara atu i ngā rohe keu teka e hua mai ana i te nekehanga tata.
• Whakaritea te wā pupuri me te wā whakatuwheratanga me ngā tauira waka o te whare tira me ngā āhuatanga o te HVAC.
• Tāruahia ngā tuhinga mō ngā motuhanga hiko me ngā urunga ohorere.

Ina arotakehia pēnei, ka iti ake te whakatau hua a te kaiwhakahaere reti, engari ka nui ake te whakatau whakahaere tomokanga.

Ngā Kaupapa Aunoatanga me te Whakahou i te Kūaha Karāhe: Ngā Ārai Utu Huna

Ko te aunoatanga o ngā tatau karāhe tētahi o ngā wāhi tono tino tere te tipu nā te mea he maha ngā whare tari e hiahia ana ki te whakahou i te whare tomokanga me te kore he hanganga nui. Engari ko te mahi whakahou ka whakauru i ngā taraiwa utu huna e ngawari ana te ngaro i te wā tuatahi o te rangahau. Ko te matotoru o te karāhe o nāianei, te āhua o te anga, te papatahi o te papa, me ngā taipitopito whakaotinga huri noa ka pā ki te kete taputapu whakamutunga. Mena ka warewarehia ēnei taurangi, tera pea ka hiahiatia te hanga papa, te whakatikatika anō, te whakaroa rānei i te whakatuwheratanga o te kaupapa.

Nō reira, me whiriwhiri he whakapuare tatau arumoni aunoa e pai ana mō te whakahou, kia rite ki te hototahitanga me te mahi. Me whai tikanga whakairinga ka taea te whakahoki, he whānuitanga whakatikatika mārama, me ngā wāhanga whakakapinga e wātea ana. He mea nui rawa tēnei i roto i ngā whare e kore e taea e ngā kairihi te aro ki te wā roa e kore ai e mahi. E aro ana ngā tīma tiaki ki te mea ka taea te whakakapi wawe i tētahi pūoko pūoko kua pakaru, te wāhanga taraiwa, te waeine whakahaere rānei me te iti noa o ngā taputapu motuhake.

Mai i te tirohanga hoko, he maha ngā wā ka hinga ngā kaupapa whakahou ina whakaitihia e te tīma te uaua o ngā taputapu. Ka ngaro pea te rerekētanga utu iti i roto i te kaiwhakahaere mēnā ka hiahiatia he whāriki motuhake, he tapahi ritenga, he wā tono tāpiri rānei mō te kaupapa i muri mai. Arā, ko te utu tūturu o te mana whakahaere ka whakatauhia i te māmā o te tāutanga me te urunga ki te ratonga.

He maha ngā wā ka angitu, ka hinga rānei ngā whakahoutanga i runga i ngā tikanga rangahau. Ko te tika ake o ngā raraunga o te papaanga, ko te iti ake o te utu ka puta.

Te Tiaki, te Whakakapinga, me te Wā Mahi: Te Tirotiro i te Tūturutanga o te Whare Tari

Ko te tiaki te wāhi e whakamanahia ai te kounga o te kaupapa. Ko te pūnaha tatau aunoa e ātaahua ana te āhua ina tukuna atu engari e kore e mahi tonu ana, kāore e pai mō ngā whare tari, nā te mea ka tere te aromatawai a ngā kaimahi o te tēpu whakahaere me ngā kairēti i te tomokanga mā tōna ōritetanga. Koia te take ehara i te mea he kōrero tuarua te hototahi o ngā whakakapinga, te ngāwari o te rapu raruraru, me te wātea o ngā wāhanga; ko ngā kaupapa matua ēnei o te kaupapa.

I roto i te mākete whakakapinga, he mea nui te whakaingoa paerewa me te hoahoa taputapu modular nā te mea ka whakapotohia te wā whakatau raruraru. Me taea e te miihini hanga whare te tautuhi mēnā kei roto i te motuka, te kaiwhakahaere, te pūoko, te huinga taputapu rānei te raruraru me te kore e wetewete i te whakaurunga katoa. Koinei tētahi take e pai ake ai ngā kaiwhakatakoto i ngā pūnaha he mārama te wehenga o ngā wāhanga me te tau o ngā wāhanga e taea te matapae.

Mō ngā whare tari, me uru ki te mahere tiaki te tirotiro auau i ngā whakapiripiri, te whakaritenga o te pūoko, te nekehanga taraiwa, te urupare aukati, me te rite o te kati o te tatau. Ka pā anō hoki ngā huringa pāmahana o te wā ki te whanonga o te tatau, inā koa ka whakarerekē te pēhanga me te haumākū o te HVAC i te kaha kati, i te mahi rānei o te pūoko. Ehara i te mea ka whakaiti noa i ngā waeatanga ratonga te tomokanga e tiakina pai ana, engari ka tiakina hoki te whakapono o te kairēti ki te whare.

1. Tuhia ia waehere wāhanga matua i te wā e whakatūwherahia ana.
2. Puritia he kete tāpiri mō ngā pūoko, ngā pana me ngā wāhanga pakaru o te kī.
3. Tirohia anō ngā tautuhinga nekehanga i muri i ngā whakatikatika nui o te kairihi, i ngā panonitanga rānei o te mata o te whare.
4. Whakamātauria ngā whanonga tukunga ohorere me te ngaromanga hiko i runga i te wā kua whakaritea.

Mena e hiahia ana te kaiwhakahaere whare kia roa te ora o te hua, me mārama ko te āheinga tiaki te mea nui mō ngā whakaritenga hoko, kaua ko te mahi pai anake.

Ngā Kaupapa Matua mō ngā Tatau Aunoa o te Whare Tari i te tau 2026: He Whakatauranga Whaihua

Ko ngā kaupapa matua nui o te tau 2026 ko te pono, te whakaurunga, te urunga, me te ngāwari o te mahi i roto i taua raupapa mō te nuinga o ngā kaupapa tari. Ka rerekē te taumaha tika i runga i te momo whare, engari he pumau te arorau. Ko ngā whare tari matua e aro ana ki te ahua me te rere o te mahi, ko ngā pourewa maha-kairihi e aro ana ki te wā mahi me te whakahaere urunga, ā, ko ngā whare tari hauora e tata ana ki te taha hauora e aro ana ki te mahi iti-kaha me te haumaru o ngā kaiwhakamahi. He onge te wikitoria o te hua kotahi i ngā āhuatanga katoa, koia te take e whakawhirinaki ai te whakautu tika o te pūnaha ki te kōtaha mahi o ia rā o te whare.

Mō ngā kaiwhakatau, ko te huarahi hokohoko mohio rawa atu ko te whakarōpū i ngā hiahia i mua i te whakahua i ngā utu. Mena e mōhio ana koe ki te momo tatau, te taumata o te waka, te atanga haumarutanga, me te tauira tiaki, ka māmā ake te kōrero mō te hua. Koinei te wāhi e whai hua ai te wehewehe i waenga i te kaiwhakahaere, te huihuinga whakatuwhera tatau katoa, me te kete taputapu: ka whakamāramahia mēnā e hiahiatia ana e te kaupapa he waeine taraiwa turanga, he pūnaha whakauru katoa, he huinga tautoko whakahou rānei.

Ehara taua whakatauranga i te ariā noa iho. E whakaata ana i te āhua o te whakamahinga o ngā pūnaha tatau i muri i te nohonga o te nuinga o ngā whare tari: tuatahi hei mea whai hua, kātahi hei pūwāhi whakahaere haumarutanga, ā, hei mea tiaki anō hoki.

Ngā Pātai Auau

He aha te mea tino nui ina whiriwhiria ana he kaiwhakahaere tatau aunoa mō te whakamahinga i roto i ngā whare tari?

Ko te mea nui ko te ōrite ki te taiao mahi tūturu, inā koa te nui o te waka, te momo tatau, me te urunga tiaki. Ko te pūnaha e ōrite ana ki te papaanga he pai ake te mahi i te pūnaha nui ake, tere ake rānei i whiriwhiria, ahakoa te kore e aro ki ngā tikanga tāutanga.

Me whakarite kia whakamahia he whakapuare tatau aunoa arumoni, he taputapu rānei hei kaupapa matua mā ngā kaupapa tari?

Me whakarite kia kotahi te pūnaha e rua. Mā te whakatuwhera ka taea te whakahaere i te nekehanga, engari mā ngā taputapu e whakatau te āheinga ki te kite, ki te whakaoho, ki te whakairi, me te whai huatanga. Mā te huinga taputapu ngoikore ka ngoikore te kaiwhakahaere pai.

Āhea te pai ake o te kaiwhakahaere tatau reti i te kaiwhakahaere tatau tūru?

He pai ake te whakamahi i te tatau reti mō ngā tomokanga e nui ana te tangata me ngā tomokanga whānui nā te mea ka tiakina te wāhi e rere ai te tangata, ā, ka pai ake te rere o te hunga hikoi. He pai ake ngā pūnaha nekeneke ina he iti te wāhi, ina kua whakamahia kētia ngā tatau hono e te whare.

He aha ngā paerewa e tika ana kia tirohia e ngā kaupapa tatau aunoa o te tari?

I te iti rawa, me arotake e ngā tīma ngā aratohu mō te urunga me te whakahaere tatau pērā i ngā Paerewa ADA 2010 me ngā whakaritenga waehere ā-rohe e tika ana. He tohutoro whai hua te aratohu a te Poari Uru o Amerika mō te whānui mārama me te haere tonu o te huarahi.

He aha i nui rawa ai te tahua mō ngā kaupapa aunoatanga tatau karāhe?

He maha ngā wā ka nui rawa atu te tahua nā te mea kāore i te tino mārama te āhua o te anga o nāianei, te hototahitanga o te karāhe, me te urunga atu ki ngā ratonga. Ko te tikanga, he nui ake te tika o te ruri mō ngā mahi whakahou i ngā mahi hou, ā, ka pā tēnei ki te mahi, ki ngā whāriki, me te wā whakatūnga.

Me pēhea te whakaiti i te wā kore mahi i muri i te tāutanga o tētahi kaupapa?

Ka taea te whakaiti i te wā kore mahi mā te tuhi i ngā wāhanga e manawapa ana, te whakaū i te hototahi o ngā taputapu, me te whakamahi i ngā wāhanga paerewa ka taea e ngā tīma tiaki te whakakapi wawe. He tino āwhina te tau wāhanga matapae me te hoahoa modular.

He aha ngā mea e tika ana kia whakaurua ki roto i te kete whakawhiti tatau tari mō te tau 2026?

Me whakauru ki roto i te kete tuku ngā hoahoa waea, ngā waehere wāhanga, ngā tautuhinga whakatūnga, ngā wā tiaki, ngā tohutohu tukunga ohorere, me ngā tohutoro wāhanga tāpui. Mā tēnā tuhinga ka tere ake te mahi ratonga ā muri ake nei, ā, ka iti ake te whakararuraru.