Ngā Whakaaro Matua

He aha te Taumata Haruru te Paearu Kōwhiringa Matua mō ngā Kūaha Aunoa i roto i ngā Whare Nohoanga Ātaata

He rite tonu te whakaritenga mō ngā whare pukapuka, ngā whare taonga, ngā hōhipera, ngā taiwhanga rangahau, me ngā wāhi whakaaroaro: me noho tonu te haruru o te taiao ki raro i ngā taumata e whakararuraru ana i te arotahi, te whakaora, te whakaaroaro rānei.Nā te mea he maha ki te rau ngā wā e whakahaerehia ana ngā pūnaha tatau aunoa i te rā i roto i ngā wāhi tūmatanui e nui ana te haere o te tangata., ka nui ake te haruru tāpiri mai i te mahi a te motuka kuaha i te paepae haruru papamuri mēnā he hē te hangarau motuka kua tohua. E taunaki ana te World Health Organization kia iti iho i te 35dB ngā taumata haruru ā-roto mō ngā wāhi e hiahia ana kia arotahi, ā, kia iti iho i te 40dB mō ngā taiao whānui o roto, ā, he mea nui te whiriwhiri haruru motuka mō ngā whakaurunga rohe marino.

E toru ngā pūtake o te haruru o te pūnaha tatau aunoa: te motuka tonu (te haruru hikohiko me te haruru peera), te pūnaha taraiwa (te haruru whitiki, taputapu, mekameka rānei), me te nekehanga o te rau tatau (te nekehanga hau me te waku ara).Hangarau motuka DC kore paraiheKa aro atu ki te pūtake tuatahi mā te whakakore i te atanga paraihe-whakawhitiwhiti e whakaputa ana i te haruru nui rawa atu i roto i ngā motuka paraihe tuku iho. Ko te whakahekenga haruru o te 10-15dB ka huri i ngā tatau aunoa mai i te haruru nui ki te wāhanga whare tata kore e rongo.

Mō ngā kaiwhakahaere whare e arotake ana i ngā pūnaha tatau aunoa, me rite te kaha o te whakatakotoranga haruru ki te kaha o te kawenga hanganga me ngā whakatauranga haumaru ahi.Ko te pūnaha tatau e tutuki ana i ngā whakaritenga katoa engari e hipa ana i te paepae haruru, kāore e tino pai mō te tono i roto i te rohe marino., ahakoa te utu, ngā āhuatanga, te ingoa rongonui rānei o te waitohu. Nā tēnei ka waiho te whakamātautau me te manatoko i te taumata haruru hei paearu angitu/kore i roto i te tukanga hokohoko.

Te Whakatutukitanga o te Hangarau Mōta DC Kore Paraihe i te Mahi Haruru ≤50dB

Ko te painga haruru o ngā motuka DC kore-paraihe i runga i ngā motuka paraihe e ahu mai ana i ngā rerekētanga ā-pūkaha taketake.Nā te mea ka whakamahia e ngā motuka paraihe ngā paraihe waro tūturu e pēhi ana ki tētahi kaitahuri hurihuri hei whakawhiti i te iahiko hiko., ka puta te haruru waku tonu, te haruru āwhata, me te wiri i waenganui i te atanga paraihe me te whakawhitiwhiti e horapa ana i roto i te whare mōtini. He mea hanga tēnei haruru ki te hoahoa paraihe, ā, kāore e taea te whakakore me te kore e whakarerekē i te hangarau mōtini.

Ka whakakorea rawatia e ngā motuka DC kore-paraihe te hononga paraihe-whakawhitiwhiti. Engari ko ngā paraihe miihini, ka whakamahia e rātou te whakawhitiwhiti hiko - ka whakawhitihia e te kaiwhakahaere hiko te iahiko i roto i ngā takai motuka kia rite ki te tūranga rotor, ka kitea e ngā pūoko Hall, e te pūoko EMF-muri rānei. Kāore tēnei whakawhiti hiko e whakaputa i tētahi pa ā-mīhini, kāore he waku, kāore hoki he āwhata, ka hua ake he iti rawa ngā taumata haruru.

Ko ngā pūtake haruru e toe ana i roto i te motuka kore paraihe ko: te haruru peera (ngā peera pōro e tautoko ana i te pou hurihuri), te haruru hikohiko (nā ngā kaha aukume i waenga i te rotor me te stator i puta mai), me te haruru hau (te pōrearea o te hau i puta mai i te rotor hurihuri). Ka whakaitihia e ngā motuka kore paraihe kounga ēnei pūtake mā te whiriwhiri peera tika (ngā peera kua hiritia, kua pania ki te hinu me ngā taumata haruru iti), te hoahoa ara iahiko aukume kua arotauhia (ngā aukume piko me ngā takai tohatoha e whakaiti ana i te taipana cogging me te haruru hikohiko), me te hoahoa rotor aerodynamic (ngā mata rotor maeneene e whakaiti ana i te pōrearea o te hau).

Mō tētahi motuka DC kore paraihe 24V 60W pērā i te mea e whakamahia ana i roto i teKaiwhakahaere tatau reti aunoa YF150, ko te haruru katoa mai i ngā pūtake katoa i ngā tere whakahaere noa he 42-48dB i inehia i te tawhiti 1 mita — kei roto tonu i te whakatakotoranga ≤50dB e hiahiatia ana mō ngā tono rohe marino.

Me pēhea te Whakamāori me te Manatoko i ngā Whakatakotoranga Taumata Haruru o te Mōta

He mea nui anake ngā whakatakotoranga taumata haruru mō ngā motuka tatau aunoa ina haere tahi mai me ngā tikanga ine.Nā te mea ka taea e te motuka kotahi te whakaputa i te 35dB i te kore kawenga me te 55dB i te kawenga katoa, kāore i oti te whakatakotoranga o te "≤50dB" me te kore e whakahua i te tawhiti ine, te āhua o te kawenga, te tere o te motuka, me te papa haruru taiao, ā, tera pea ka hē te whakaaro.

Ko te tikanga ine paerewa mō te haruru o te motuka e whakamahi ana i tētahi mita taumata oro kua whakatikatikaina kua whakanohoia ki tētahi tawhiti kua tautuhia (ko te tikanga he 1 mita) mai i te motuka, i roto i tētahi taiao oro e whakahaeretia ana (haruru papamuri kei raro iho i te 30dB), me te motuka e mahi ana i tana kawenga me te tere kua whakatauria. Me whakamahi te ine i te taumaha-A (dBA), e tata ana ki te urupare auau o te whakarongo tangata, ā, koinei te taumaha paerewa e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā ture haruru puta noa i te ao.

Ngā paerewa ine taumata oroMe whakarite kia inehia te haruru i roto i te taiao kore-ātea (kaua he mata whakaata i roto i te 3 mita) i roto rānei i te rūma anechoic hei whakakore i ngā takoha oro whakaata. I roto i te mahi, ko te nuinga o ngā kaihanga tatau aunoa ka ine i te haruru i roto i te rūma haurua-anechoic (papa whakaata, pakitara mimiti me te tuanui) e whakaata ana i te āhua kua tāutahia kei reira te motuka e mau ana i runga ake i te whakatuwheratanga o te tatau.

Mō ngā kaiwhakahaere whare e tohu ana i ngā tatau aunoa mō ngā tono rohe marino, tonoa ngā raraunga haruru e whai ake nei mai i te kaihanga: (1) haruru motuka i te kawenga me te tere kua tohua, i inehia i te 1 mita, (2) haruru katoa o te pūnaha tatau tae atu ki te tikanga taraiwa me te nekehanga o te tatau, i inehia i te 1 mita mai i te whakatuwheratanga o te tatau, me (3) raraunga whānuitanga haruru e whakaatu ana i te tohatoha auau (hei tautuhi i ngā wāhanga oro e nui ake te hoha i te haruru whānui i te taumata kotahi).

He aha ngā Paepae Taumata Haruru e pā ana ki ngā Taiao Rerekē o ngā Rohe Mārire

He rerekē ngā paepae haruru o ngā momo whare rerekē i runga i tā rātou mahi me te aro o ngā kainoho.Mā te mārama ki ēnei paepae ka taea e ngā kaiwhakahaere whare te tautuhi i te taumata haruru motuka tika mō ia tono.kaua e whakamahi i tētahi whakatakotoranga kotahi te rahi mō te katoa, ka nui rawa te whakatakotoranga (ka tāpiri utu), ka iti rawa rānei te whakatakotoranga (ka puta ai he amuamu mō te haruru).

Ngā whare pukapuka tūmatanui: ko te taumata haruru taiao e taunakitia ana mō ngā wāhi pānui ko te 35-40dB, me ngā rūma ako e hiahia ana ki te 30-35dB. Kaua ngā motuka tatau aunoa e tuku i te nui ake i te 5dB i runga ake i te haruru papamuri ina inehia i te tūranga pānui tata rawa atu, ko te tikanga he whakatakotoranga haruru motuka o te ≤45dB i te 1 mita.

Ngā whare taonga me ngā taiwhanga toi: ko te taumata haruru taiao e taunakitia ana ko te 35-45dB i runga i te momo taiwhanga toi. Ko ngā taiwhanga toi marino (ngā toi hou, ngā wāhi whakaaroaro) me iti ake ngā taumata haruru i ngā taiwhanga toi taunekeneke, ngā whare tomokanga rānei.Ngā aratohu mō te haruru o OSHApā ki ngā kaimahi whare taonga e pāngia ana e te haruru o ngā tatau mō ngā hāora e 8 ia rā, me te whakatū i te rohenga pānga mahi o te 85dB mō te TWA (te toharite taumaha-wā) e 8-hāora.

Ngā hōhipera me ngā whare tiaki hauora: e ai ki ngā aratohu a te WHO, me iti iho i te 35dB te haruru o te taiao i ngā rūma tūroro i te pō, ā, me iti iho i te 40dB i te awatea. Me tohu e ngā motuka tatau aunoa i ngā ara hōhipera e tata ana ki ngā rūma tūroro he ≤45dB hei pupuri i te tahua haruru. Ko ngā rūma pokanga me ngā wāhi ICU ngā whakaritenga tino kaha, he maha ngā wā kei raro iho i te 30dB te taiao, me te hiahia kia iti iho i te 40dB, ngā taumata haruru rānei o ngā motuka tatau.

Ngā taiwhanga rangahau: ko ngā taiwhanga e aro ana ki te haruru (ngā rūma whakamātautau oro, ngā rūma ma mō te hanga haurua-ira, me ngā taiwhanga whatu) me iti iho te haruru taiao i te 25dB, ka panaia ai ngā whakatakotoranga mō te motuka tatau aunoa ki te ≤35dB — he taumata ka taea anake me ngā hoahoa motuka paraihe kore tino marino e mahi ana i te tere iti.

Te Pānga o te Hoahoa Pūnaha Kūaha Aunoa ki te Putanga Haruru Katoa

Kotahi noa te wāhanga o te haruru katoa e puta mai ana i te pūnaha tatau aunoa te mōta.Nā te mea ko te pūnaha taraiwa, te rau tatau, me te hanganga whakairinga katoa e whai wāhi ana ki te taumata haruru whānui., me whai whakaaro te whakatakotoranga haruru taumata-pūnaha ki ngā pūtake katoa, kaua ko te motuka anake.

Mā te tikanga taraiwa (whitiki, taputapu, mekameka rānei) ka tukuna te hurihanga o te motuka ki te rau tatau. Ko ngā taraiwa whitiki te kōwhiringa tino mārie nā te mea ka mimiti te whitiki rapa, te whitiki polyurethane rānei i te wiri, ā, ka whakaiti i te tuku haruru. He nui ake te haruru o ngā taraiwa taputapu nā te haruru o te mata taputapu, inā koa i te auau hononga niho. Ko ngā taraiwa mekameka te kōwhiringa tino haruru, ā, kāore e pai mō ngā tono rohe mārie. Ka whakamahia e te kaiwhakahaere tatau reti aunoa YF150 he pūnaha taraiwa whitiki e tāpiri ana i te 2-3dB anake ki te haruru motuka, kia mau tonu ai te haruru katoa o te pūnaha ki raro iho i te 50dB.

Ko te rau tatau tonu ka puta he haruru mā te nekehanga hau (te "whoosh" o te hau e panaia ana e te tatau e neke ana) me te waku ara (te tangi o ngā roera whakairi e neke ana i te reera). He rite te haruru nekehanga hau ki te tere o te tatau me te āputa i waenga i te rau tatau me te anga - he iti ake te haruru o ngā tere puhoi me ngā āputa kuiti. Ko te haruru waku ara ka whakawhirinaki ki te rauemi roera (he marino ake ngā roera nairona i ngā roera maitai) me te āhua o te mata o te reera (he iti ake te haruru o te reera maeneene, kua pania ki te hinu i te reera taratara, maroke rānei).

Ka taea e te hanganga whakairi te whakanui, te whakaiti rānei i te haruru o te motuka me te akiaki i te haruru. Ka tukuna pai te wiri e te motuka e whakairihia ana ki te anga whakarewa pakari, ā, ka whakanui pea i te haruru i ngā wāhi whakairi. Mā te tāpiri i ngā whakairi rapa wehe i waenganui i te motuka me te anga ka whakaiti i te tuku wiri mā te 10-20dB, ko te tikanga he whakaiti haruru e kitea ana he 50-75% i te tūranga whakarongo. Kei roto i ngā kaiwhakahaere tatau aunoa kounga teitei ngā whakairi wehe wiri hei taputapu paerewa.

Me pēhea te aromatawai i ngā kaiwhakarato motuka tatau aunoa mō ngā tono tino nui o te haruru

Ko te whiriwhiri i tētahi kaiwhakarato mō ngā pūnaha tatau aunoa i roto i ngā tono haruru-nui me manatoko i tua atu i ngā whakatakotoranga haruru kua whakaputaina.Nā te mea ka pāngia te mahi haruru e te kounga hanga, te tika o te huihuinga, me te ōritetanga o ngā wāhanga, ka taea e ngā mōta e rua me ngā whakatakotoranga ōrite mai i ngā kaiwhakarato rerekē te whakaputa i ngā taumata haruru tino rerekē i te parae.

Ko ngā paearu aromatawai matua a te kaiwhakarato ko: ngā pūrongo whakamātautau haruru mai i ngā taiwhanga oro kua whakamanahia (ehara i te mea ko ngā raraunga whakamātautau ā-roto a te kaihanga anake), te whakamātautau tauira i roto i te taiao o te whare (ka rerekē ngā taumata haruru i runga i ngā āhuatanga tāutanga), te manatoko i te ōritetanga o te whakaputanga (tono raraunga whakamātautau haruru mai i ngā puranga whakaputa maha hei manatoko i te ōritetanga), me ngā tikanga whakamana e kapi ana i te mahi haruru (ko te kaiwhakarato e whakamana ana i te mahi haruru mō te 2-5 tau e whakaatu ana i te whakapono ki tā rātou hua).

Ngā hua tatau aunoa a Beifankua hangaia mō ngā tono arumoni me ngā tono umanga e tino hira ana te mahi haruru. Ko te motuka DC kore paraihe 24V 60W o te tauira YF150 kua tohua mō te mahi ≤50dB, me te mana whakahaere tukatuka iti atamai e whakarite ana i te tere o te motuka me ngā kōtaha whakaterenga hei whakaiti i te haruru i te wā e whakatuwhera ana me te kati ana. Ka urutau te pūnaha whakahaere ako-whaiaro ki te taumaha tatau me ngā āhuatanga ara motuhake i roto i ngā huringa whakahaere 50 tuatahi, e arotau ana i te kōtaha tere mō te haruru iti rawa me te pupuri tonu i te wā whakatuwheratanga kua tohua.

Te Pānga o ngā Mahi Tiaki ki te Mahi Haruru Roa o ngā Mōta Kūaha Aunoa

Ka heke te kaha o te haruru i roto i te wā mena kāore te pūnaha tatau aunoa e tiakina tika ana.Nā te mea ka piki ake ngā taumata haruru mā te 5-15dB i roto i te wā 3-5 tau nā te kakahu o te peera, ngā huringa o te kukū o te whitiki, me te parahanga o te ara., he mea nui tētahi kaupapa tiaki ārai hei pupuri i te whakatakotoranga ≤50dB puta noa i te roanga o te ora ratonga o te pūnaha.

Te tiaki ia marama mō ngā mahi haruru nui: te tirotiro ā-kanohi i te whitiki mō te pakaru, te ngatata, te karaihe rānei; tirohia te kaha o te whitiki (ka pā te whitiki wetekina ki te pūrei, ka puta he haruru ā-whakaaro); horoia te mata o te ara hei tango i te puehu me ngā paru e whakanui ana i te haruru o te roera; me te manatoko kei te piri ngā pūtu whakairi motuka (ka taea e ngā pūtu wetekina te whakanui ake i te wiri).

Tiaki ā-hauwhā: pania te hinu whakahinuhinu o te ara me ngā peera roera ki te hinu silicone (kaua e whakamahi i ngā hinu hinu e kukume ana i te puehu); tirohia ngā peera motuka mō te purere, te taratara rānei (ka puta te pakaru wawe o te peera hei haruru huri, hei haruru aue rānei); ā, manatokohia te taumata haruru mā te whakamahi i tētahi mita taumata oro kua whakatikatikaina hei kite i tētahi rerekētanga mai i te inenga turanga i mahia i te wā tāutanga.

Te tiaki ā-tau: te ine i te haruru whānui i ngā tere me ngā kawenga whakahaere maha; te whakakapi i te whitiki mēnā he nui te hekenga o ngā tohu pakaru; te whakakapi i te peera motuka mēnā kua piki ake ngā taumata haruru neke atu i te 5dB mai i te turanga tāutanga; me te whakatikatika anō i te pūnaha whakahaere kia pai ai te tere mō te iti rawa o te haruru.

Ngā Pātai Auau